Potential of Chinese Ketepeng Leaf Infusion (Senna alata L. Roxb.) on Cercaria Mortality
Keywords:
Senna alata; cercariae; mortalityAbstract
Introduction: Leptospirosis remains a significant zoonotic challenge in tropical areas, including nations within the Southeast Asian region, accompanied by persistently high rates of morbidity and mortality. Accurate diagnosis is crucial, as clinical manifestations often mimic other tropical febrile illnesses.
Objective: This study aims to comprehensively review various diagnostic methods utilized across Southeast Asia by applying a One Health framework to synergize data from human, animal, and environmental sectors.
Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted on 33 selected articles published between 2013 and 2025.
Results: The results indicate that the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) remains the reference standard (specificity 75-86%), despite its low sensitivity during the acute phase (14-68%). Meanwhile, molecular techniques such as PCR and LAMP demonstrate the highest accuracy (sensitivity 90-100%), with LAMP exhibiting a minimal detection threshold suitable for resource-limited settings.
Conclusions: This review concludes that an integrated diagnostic strategy combining rapid screening with molecular confirmation, alongside cross-sectoral surveillance, is essential for the effective control of leptospirosis in Southeast Asia.
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